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For industry players, short-term attention should focus on whether overseas pricing stabilizes

China’s Eel Trade in 2025 Enters Rebalancing Phase as Exports Cool and Imports Diverge

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Thursday, February 19, 2026, 05:00 (GMT + 9)

Structural split emerges between “seedling chain” and “raw material chain,” with price adjustments reshaping supply expectations

According to data from Chinese customs, China’s eel trade in 2025 demonstrated a clear structural divergence: exports eased from a high base, while imports split into two distinct tracks—the “seedling chain” and the “raw material chain.” Overall, China remained a net exporter of eel products, but shifting price ranges and supply expectations are now being repriced across the market, as reported by Food World.

Exports Remain Strong but Momentum Softens

On the export side, total outbound shipments of eel products remained elevated at approximately US$1 billion for the year. However, this marked a decline compared with the previous year’s peak performance.

Industry participants note that export orders have not “disappeared,” but negotiations have become increasingly cautious. In the second half of 2025, softer prices exerted more visible pressure on export volumes.

Structurally, the dominance of processed eel products continued, with high value-added categories supporting overall export performance. Yet as overseas distribution channels worked through existing inventories and consumer behavior grew more rational, the scope for “price-driven growth” narrowed. Companies are now competing less on aggressive pricing and more on stable supply, product specification compatibility, and channel development capabilities.

Imports Show Dual-Track Divergence

The import side tells a more nuanced story. When eel larvae are included, the total import value of eel-related products in 2025 reached approximately US$137 million. However, this figure can be misleading.

Eel larvae are a specialized, high-unit-price, low-weight category. Their contribution to total import value significantly outweighs their contribution to import volume. As a result, headline figures suggesting a “surge in imports” may overstate the scale of actual raw material inflows.

When eel larvae are excluded, the scale of imports within the “raw material/food chain”—which supplements processing and consumption demand—is relatively small, amounting to only a few million US dollars. This segment generally showed weakness:

  • Imports of high-volume categories such as frozen eel were under pressure.

  • Live eel imports increased, but at lower price ranges, indicating structural adjustment rather than robust demand expansion.

Falling Fry Prices Send Ripple Effects Across Supply Chain

A key signal for 2025 is the trend of “lower prices and increased volume of eel fry.” Rising imports of eel fry combined with declining unit values suggest a downward shift in fry procurement costs or adjustments in batch and size specifications.

Such changes can create ripple effects across the supply chain. On one hand, lower fry costs may ease financial pressure during subsequent aquaculture stages. On the other hand, they could influence market expectations for future adult eel supply, prompting adjustments in procurement strategies and inventory management among processors.

Industry Outlook: Rebalancing, Not Reversal

In summary, the eel trade landscape in 2025 is not a simple case of improvement or deterioration. Instead, the sector appears to be entering a rebalancing phase:

  • Exports are normalizing after a period of exceptionally high activity.

  • Imports are diverging, with relatively firm seedling-related trade contrasting with weaker raw material prices.

For industry players, short-term attention should focus on whether overseas pricing stabilizes. Over the medium to long term, closer monitoring of seedling price trends will be crucial, as shifts in fry costs may become a defining variable in the next stage of the industry’s development, according to Food World.


🇯🇵 日本語(Japanese)

中国の2025年ウナギ貿易、輸出減速と輸入の二極化で再均衡局面へ

「稚魚チェーン」と「原料チェーン」の構造的分化が顕在化、価格調整が供給見通しを再形成

中国税関のデータによると、2025年中国のウナギ貿易は明確な構造的分化を示した。輸出は高水準から緩やかに減速し、輸入は「稚魚チェーン」と「原料チェーン」という二つの明確なトラックに分かれた。全体として、中国は依然としてウナギ製品の純輸出国であったが、価格レンジと供給期待は市場全体で再評価されつつあると**Food World.**が報じている。

輸出は高水準を維持するも勢いは鈍化

輸出面では、ウナギ製品の年間輸出総額は約US$1 billionと高水準を維持した。しかし、前年のピークと比べると減少となった。

業界関係者によれば、受注が「消えた」わけではないが、交渉は一段と慎重になっている。2025年後半には、価格の軟化が輸出数量により顕著な下押し圧力を及ぼした。

構造面では、加工製品が依然として主導的地位を占め、高付加価値カテゴリーが輸出全体を支え続けた。しかし、海外流通チャネルが在庫を圧縮し、消費者行動がより理性的になる中、「価格主導型成長」の余地は縮小した。企業は積極的な価格競争よりも、安定供給、規格適合性、チャネル開拓能力で競争している。

輸入は二極化の様相

輸入面はより複雑な様相を呈している。ウナギの稚魚を含めると、2025年の関連製品輸入総額は約US$137 millionに達した。しかし、この数字は誤解を招く可能性がある。

ウナギ稚魚は単価が高く重量が軽い特殊カテゴリーであり、輸入金額への寄与は輸入重量への寄与を大きく上回る。そのため、「輸入急増」という見出しは実際の原料流入規模を過大評価する恐れがある。

稚魚を除外すると、加工および消費需要を補完する「原料/食品チェーン」の輸入規模は比較的小さく、わずか数百万米ドルにとどまる。このセグメントは概して弱含みであった。

  • 冷凍ウナギなどの高ボリュームカテゴリーの輸入は圧力下にあった。

  • 活ウナギの輸入は増加したが、価格レンジは低下し、強い需要拡大というより構造調整を反映している。

稚魚価格の下落がサプライチェーンに波及

2025年の重要なシグナルは、「ウナギ稚魚の価格低下と数量増加」である。稚魚輸入の増加と単価の低下は、調達コスト曲線の下方シフト、またはロット・サイズ構成の変化を示唆している。

こうした変化はサプライチェーン全体に波及効果をもたらす。一方では、その後の養殖段階におけるコスト圧力を緩和する可能性がある。他方では、将来の成魚供給見通しに影響を与え、加工業者の調達戦略や在庫管理の調整を促す可能性がある。

業界見通し:後退ではなく再均衡

総じて、2025年のウナギ貿易は単純な好転・悪化ではない。むしろ再均衡局面に入っている。

  • 輸出は異例の高活動期から正常化しつつある。

  • 輸入は分化しており、稚魚関連は比較的堅調である一方、原料価格は弱含みである。

短期的には海外価格の安定化が焦点となる。中長期的には、稚魚価格動向の監視が不可欠であり、これは業界の次段階を左右する重要な変数となる可能性があると**Food World.**は指摘している。


🇨🇳 中文(简体中文 / Chinese Simplified)

2025年中国鳗鱼贸易进入再平衡阶段:出口降温,进口分化

“苗种链”与“原料链”结构分化显现,价格调整重塑供给预期

根据中国海关数据,2025年中国鳗鱼贸易呈现出明显的结构性分化:出口在高位基础上回落,进口则分化为“苗种链”和“原料链”两条清晰路径。总体而言,中国仍是鳗鱼产品的净出口国,但价格区间和供给预期正在被重新定价,正如**Food World.**所报道。

出口保持高位 但动能放缓

在出口方面,全年鳗鱼产品出口总额维持在约US$1 billion的高位,但较上一年峰值有所下降。

业内普遍认为,订单并未“消失”,但谈判更加谨慎。进入2025年下半年,价格回落对出口数量的拖累更加明显。

从结构上看,加工产品主导格局未变,高附加值品类仍支撑出口表现。然而,随着海外渠道去库存以及消费者趋于理性,“价格驱动型增长”的空间被压缩。企业竞争重点正在从激进定价转向稳定供给、规格匹配及渠道建设能力。

进口呈现双轨分化

进口端情况更为复杂。若将鳗鱼苗纳入统计,2025年鳗鱼相关产品进口总额约为US$137 million。但这一数字具有一定误导性。

鳗鱼苗属于单价高、重量低的特殊品类,其对进口金额的贡献远大于对进口重量的贡献。因此,“进口激增”的表象可能夸大了原材料实际流入规模。

剔除鳗鱼苗后,代表加工与消费补充需求的“原料/食品链”进口规模相对较小,仅为数百万美元,整体表现偏弱:

  • 冷冻鳗鱼等大宗品类进口承压;

  • 活鳗进口虽有所增加,但价格区间下移,更反映结构调整而非需求强劲扩张。

苗种价格下行对供应链形成连锁反应

2025年的关键特征是“鳗鱼苗价格下降、数量增加”。鳗鱼苗进口量增加且单位价格下降,通常意味着苗种采购成本曲线下移,或采购批次与规格结构发生变化。

这种变化可能产生连锁反应。一方面,有助于缓解后续养殖环节的成本压力;另一方面,也可能影响未来成鳗供给预期,从而改变加工端更长期的采购策略与库存安排。

行业展望:再平衡而非简单好转或恶化

总体来看,2025年的鳗鱼外贸形势并非简单的“变好或变差”,而是进入再平衡阶段:

  • 出口从高活跃期回归理性水平;

  • 进口呈现分化,“苗种价格相对坚挺,原料价格偏弱”。

短期内,企业应关注海外价格能否企稳;中长期则需密切观察苗种价格变化对供给周期的影响——这可能成为决定行业下一阶段发展的关键变量,正如**Food World.**所指出。

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www.seafood.media


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